In Korea, the institutional-based child care service has been promoted positively after the Infant Care Act(1991) enacted. However, the demands for child care have become more individualized. ‘Home-Based Child Care’(classified as ‘Family Child Care’ and ‘In Home Care') may cover those diverse demands for child care. With this background information, this research aims at exploring the plans to support Home-Based Child Care as a complement for institutional based child care by surveying on the actual condition of households' using Home-Based Child Care services.
1,000 households who have a child(children) age under 5 were surveyed. The results show that there are the differences of child care arrangements according to time zone, the age of children and the parents’ work status etc. In the child care arrangements classified as ‘care by parent(s)’, ‘care by relative(s)’, ‘care in facility’ and ‘fee charging in-home care’, the older children are more likely to be cared for in facilities in comparison with the children age under 2. In considering the care arrangements by parents’ work status, ‘care in facility’ and ‘fee charging in home care’ are more common for the children of the parents employed. The difference of care arrangements classified by time zone shows the diverse demands for child care more clearly. For instance, ‘fee charging in home care’ are increased in evening(after 7PM) and it can be interpreted to mean that parents choose ‘In Home Care’ complementarily because most child care facilities are not available in the evening.
As the results show, there are individualized demands for child care. Therefore, child care services in public and private need to be developed to meet the diverse demands from households. And Home-Based Child Care also complementarily needs to be institutionalized for covering the individualized demands for child care. ？
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